Inactivity and the Impact on Low Back Pain
Posted On: December 15, 2025 by Lindsay Matijevich
Low back pain is the fifth most common reason for physician visits and nearly 60-80% of people will be affected in their lifetime. After the first experience of low back pain, 44-78% of people will suffer from a relapse of symptoms. The lumbar spine consists of five vertebrae that contain a right and left facet joint and a canal for the spinal cord and between each vertebra there is an intervertebral disc that provides shock absorption. There are multiple muscle groups that support the spine and each play a role in stabilizing the trunk and allowing movement in different directions. The main function of the lumbar spine is to bear the weight of the body as it absorbs the stress of lifting and carrying objects.
The effects of inactivity on low spinal anatomy are well researched. Sustained sitting and lack of variation of movement have been identified as factors for low back pain. Sitting for long periods of time can cause a reduction in disc height as well as produce atrophy and increased fat content in spinal muscles limiting their ability to perform their normal functions. Additionally, inactivity can increase the risk of developing osteoporosis in an aging population.
Prevention of low back pain secondary to inactivity can be achieved by making environmental and physical changes. Intervention should include back strengthening and flexibility exercises to allow for better control and range of motion of the trunk. Aerobic activity has also been shown to improve blood flow and thus increase nutrients to spinal tissues. Adapting your sitting posture can help improve and even eliminate occupational low back pain by making adaptations such as keeping keyboards close, eyes in line with screens and chairs at the appropriate height. It is also recommended to stand and move approximately every 20-30 minutes to limit the amount of strain on muscles and joints. Overall, making small positive changes to your lifestyle, occupation and environment can greatly improve the degree of back pain experienced and prevent future episodes.
Lindsay Matijevich is a licensed Doctor of Physical Therapy and is the owner of Mossy Creek Rehab in Jefferson City. She holds several specialty certifications and treats a variety of conditions. For additional information you can visit https://www.mossycreekrehab.com/
